Difference Between Screw Pump and Impeller Pump
| Feature | Screw Pump | Impeller Pump |
|---|---|---|
| Working Principle | Uses one or multiple rotating screws to move fluid in a linear motion. | Uses rotating impellers to create centrifugal force that moves fluid. |
| Flow Type | Positive displacement – provides a consistent and steady flow. | Centrifugal – creates a variable flow based on pressure and speed. |
| Pressure Handling | Can handle high-pressure applications. | Typically operates at lower pressures. |
| Viscosity Handling | Suitable for high-viscosity fluids like oils, sludge, and pastes. | Works best with low-viscosity fluids like water and thin liquids. |
| Efficiency | High efficiency at handling thick fluids. | More efficient for high-flow, low-viscosity applications. |
| Self-Priming | Yes, it can self-prime and handle air pockets. | Some types are self-priming, but generally require priming before operation. |
| Maintenance | Requires maintenance due to wear on screws but has a long lifespan. | Requires less maintenance but impellers can wear out faster. |
| Common Applications | Oil transfer, fuel injection, wastewater treatment, food processing. | Water circulation, HVAC systems, irrigation, marine applications. |
Conclusion
- If you need high pressure, steady flow, and the ability to pump viscous fluids, go for a screw pump.
- If you need high-speed flow for low-viscosity liquids, an impeller pump (centrifugal pump) is the better choice.
